Timber frames are a popular choice for home builders seeking a fast and more affordable construction option, while steel frames are more durable and can last longer. Deciding between steel and timber frames is a big decision for Australian builders. Both options offer unique advantages and disadvantages.
Steel framing is stronger and more durable than timber, making it ideal for larger structures and areas prone to extreme weather. Steel is also fire-resistant and pest-proof, reducing maintenance costs. However, steel can be more expensive upfront and requires specialised tools and techniques for installation. Ultimately, the best choice depends on your budget, building codes, and specific project needs.
This blog explores the key differences between timber and steel framing. We have outlined these distinctions so you can make an informed decision for your construction project.
Steel vs. Timber Framing: A Side-by-Side Comparison
Here’s a quick comparison of key factors between steel and timber framing to highlight the differences:| Steel Framing | Timber Framing | |
|---|---|---|
Durability |
Resistant to pests and decay. |
Susceptible to pests and rot. |
Cost |
Higher installation costs. |
More affordable upfront but may have ongoing maintenance costs. |
Environmental Sustainability |
Recyclable but energy-intensive to produce. |
Natural product from a renewable resource. Can be sourced from sustainable suppliers. |
Energy Efficiency |
Requires added insulation. |
Naturally insulating. |
Fire Resistance |
Non-combustible |
Flammable but can be treated. |
Application |
Commercial, industrial, residential & coastal homes. |
Residential, eco-friendly designs. |
Pros and Cons of Steel Frames
Advantages of Steel Framing:
- Strength: Steel has a high strength-to-weight ratio, making steel-framed homes significantly lighter than timber ones. This allows for robust construction without adding bulk. This means your home will have a solid structural foundation that won’t warp or flex over time.
- Durable: Unlike timber, steel is resistant to pests, decay, and rot. A well-maintained steel frame can last for over 100 years. This is what makes steel frames a great building material in harsh environments like Australia.
- Fire Resistance: Steel framing is non-combustible, making it a preferred choice in fire-prone areas.
- Eco-Friendly Disposal: Steel can be recycled, contributing to a more sustainable lifecycle.
Disadvantages of Steel Framing:
- Higher Initial Cost: The raw materials used to make steel framing are more expensive than timber.
- Thermal Conductivity: Steel conducts heat and cold. Steel-framed houses require added insulation to maintain energy efficiency in extreme climates.
- Complex Installation: Working with steel requires specialised tools and skills, which can extend construction time and increase labour costs.
Pros and Cons of Timber Frames
Advantages of Timber Framing:
- Natural Insulation: Timber has inherent insulating properties, helping to maintain stable indoor temperatures without additional insulation.
- Lower Upfront Cost: Timber is typically more affordable than steel, which makes it accessible for a wide range of projects.
- Easier Installation: Timber is easier to cut and install making it easier to make adjustments to the frame while it’s being built. This often results in faster construction times.
- Environmentally Sustainable: When sourced responsibly, timber is a renewable resource with less environmental impact than steel.
Disadvantages of Timber Framing:
- Termite Vulnerability: Timber is susceptible to termites which can severely damage the structural integrity of wooden frames.
- Fire Risk: Timber framing can be a fire hazard if not properly treated. While treated timber can be slow-burning, it is still flammable.
- Weather Sensitivity: Timber will expand when absorbing moisture and contract when it dries out. If wooden frames aren’t properly treated, they can warp and crack over time.
It’s important to consult with a structural engineer or architect to determine the best framing material for your specific project. They can assess your needs and provide expert advice.
Looking to Use Steel Framing for Your Home?
Dynamic Steelform offers custom-made steel frames tailored to your specific needs. Our steel wall framing is made using quality TrueCore steel. We use advanced production techniques to produce steel frames to your specifications. Get in touch with our team if for any further questions.